Viso del Alcor, El

Prehistory-Ancient Age:

Its fertile land, with the abundant waters that flow through this area towards the Vega and the sedimentary terrain, were one of the fundamental causes of the settlement of this territory since the Paleolithic (30,000–10,000 B.C.E.). Thus, the Neolithic will be the period in which the first settlements were established in the area, between 4000 and 2000 BCE; Proof of this are the sites of La Alunada, Cortijo del Moscoso, and Alcaudete.

Already in the first millennium before our era, the Punic left their mark on this town, building defensive towers to protect fields and roads, in addition to serving as a refuge for the population in case of danger. The subsequent romanization of the Iberian peninsula (1st century BCE onwards) causes the towns loyal to the Punic side to succumb to the Roman Empire, as is the case of El Viso, which It becomes the location where the villas of the large Hispano-Roman landowners or rustic villas are located. An example of this are the remains found in the sites of La Estación, El Alcaudete, Casita de Mortero, La Alunada, La Santa, and El Moscoso.

Middle Ages:

The Viso begins, after the fall of the Roman Empire (4th - 5th centuries), to pay homage to the Visigothic monarchy prevailing in the Peninsula. The Muslim conquest of the Peninsula (712 AD) made the population of the area mostly of Berber origin (in addition to Hispanic), merging both cultures and producing the birth of the first Viso, as a consequence of the large population concentration in a high place (hill or alcor) in front of the Christian outposts of the time.

The Christians, in their siege of the city of Seville from 1246 to 1248, carried out the looting of the area of Los Alcores, so the fields of Carmona and its surrounding areas were cut down and looted, with the consequent great deforestation that the region suffers. El Viso was taken on August 12, 1246 (festival of San Eusebio), its inhabitants surrendering and then enjoying their properties and practicing their religions and customs, within the Señorío de Carmona. However, the mixed repopulation system failed when the Mudejar uprising occurred in 1264, leading to widespread depopulation in the area. However, the Crown worked hard at the end of the 13th century to repopulate the area, because it was located on the border line, with important towers and fortresses for its defense, consolidating population centers in Carmona and Mairena (El Viso practically disappeared, being reduced to a simple rural property). Thus, Carmona decided, in the first half of the 14th century, to repopulate El Viso so that Mairena would not take over more of the land than she was entitled to.

After the confrontation between Pedro I (legitimate heir of Alfonso), among other places, of El Viso, which was granted after various events that occurred between 1382 and 1390 to Doña Elvira de Guzmán, widow of the Master of the Order of Santiago, Don Gonzalo Mexía. Thus, in 1399 it was already his property.

The history of El Viso in the 15th century is bizarre, passing through several hands, since the heirs of Doña Isabel Mexía (daughter of Don Gonzalo and Doña Elvira) sold, before 1415, half of the place to Doña María de Mendoza, who donated his part in 1415 to his son Gómez Suárez de Figueroa, who bought the other half in 1417 from the heirs of Doña Isabel Mexía. Later, Gómez Suárez and his wife María de Torquemada sold, in 1422, one part to Diego Rivera, and the other to Joaquín Fernández de Mendoza, who sold his part to Pedro Ponce de León, Lord of Mairena, at the end of this same year.

The latter sold his share to Diego de Rivera and his wife Beatriz de Portocarrero, who since 1424 were the only lords of El Viso, until King Juan II changed, in 1430, the towns of Cañete La Real and Torre de Alháquime to change of this town, then passing to Royal jurisdiction, and consequently to Carmona. Between 1430 and 1440, this king granted the place of El Viso to Juan Arias de Saavedra (his faithful vassal in the War of Granada), then Alfaqueque Mayor of Castile and Mayor and Alguacil Mayor of Seville and Alcalá de Guadaíra, counting the place of half a league in length.

However, this area between the years 1441 and 1444 was not achieved, as the Council of Carmona opposed it, so both parties reached an agreement in 1444, with El Viso having less space than promised, but in exchange it enjoyed administrative emancipation and religious, Community of pastures with Carmona and freedom of passage and taxes with Seville, so the residents of El Viso could move freely with their livestock, cut firewood, pick asparagus and enjoy pastures, water, hunting, firewood, watering holes and other usufructs of the neighboring town.

This Lord of El Viso, Don Juan Arias de Saavedra, is of vital importance, since in addition to giving him his own and independent term, he gives him legal unity, by creating a Mayorazgo in 1456 between him and his wife Doña Juana de Avellaneda, which would pass into 1496 to his first-born son Fernán Arias de Saavedra. Later in 1540, his successor, Juan Arias de Saavedra, I Count of Castellar and his wife María Pérez de Guzmán y Manuel, granddaughter of the I Duke of Medina Sidonia, founded a majority for his second-born son Juan de Saavedra, I Lord of Moscoso, on the lands of the current farmhouse of Moscoso, leaving the title of Count of Castellar and Lord of El Viso in his brother Fernando, as well as the rest of the current municipal area.

Modern Age:

It was at this time that the first Council or Town Hall of El Viso was created, which was definitively constituted in the mid-15th century. The government of the town was then in charge of two Ordinary Mayors, a Bailiff and two Aldermen, who constituted the Council, Justice and Regiment of the Villa; the Lord, on the other hand, appointed the Mayor or Governor to look after his interests and control the Civil Council. This Cabildo, on the other hand, was dedicated to watching over the source, the market, the boundary, the delimitation of the meadow, the properties and their fruits, and morality and religiosity. Thus, Juan de Saavedra granted some municipal ordinances that regulated life and social relations in the small community; As for the power of the Church, it is already evident that, in addition to other obligations, all persons over 15 years of age had to go to Mass after the bells had been belled, and those who failed to comply with it were punished with imprisonment and a fine of one real.

Since the end of the sixteenth century, the population of Visua has had a warehouse to store grain to cope with shortages in periods of famine, located in the Plaza Sacristán Guerrero, which was moved in the eighteenth century to the Town Hall on Calle Real. In these centuries (14th to 18th centuries), the population enjoyed a high birth rate, most of them dedicated to agriculture (there are olive groves and vineyards in the Alcor, and wheat, barley and cereals are sown in the Vega), and a small part carried out artisan work, tasks of a liberal nature, muleteers, bakers, shopkeepers and regatones or recoveros (who went to Seville and Carmona to sell bread and local products). This shows the intense commercial activity that the town experienced at the time, which was favoured in the eighteenth century by the construction of the new road that led from Madrid to Cadiz (from the reef or the ports).

The religious character of the population of Visua at the time led to the founding of different kinds of brotherhoods in the town, both Sacramental (worshipping the Blessed Sacrament), Animas (they make suffrages to save souls from purgatory), Glory (such as the Rosary), and Penance (they make a Station of Penance to Calvary, such as that of Solitude, of the Holy True Cross, or that of Jesus of Nazareth). Likewise, throughout the year a series of festivals were held in the town, most of them of a religious nature, such as: Epiphany. Manifestation, at the beginning of t

Mercadillo semanal: Martes, de 09:00 a 14:00 · Calle Carmen Amaya

•José Ángel Carmona Navarro, futbolista español

•Israel Puerto, futbolista español

•Diego de los Santos, político español

•Ángel Puerto Pineda, futbolista español

•Cristina Martín Jiménez, escritora española

Alcaldía: Manuel García Benítez

Web oficial: http://www.elvisodelalcor.org/